Not easy to free the earth from air pollution

Reference

Recently, the US Health Effects Institute released the 'State of Global Air 2019' report, claiming that 50 million people died in the world due to diseases such as heart attack, lung cancer, and diabetes during 2017. Hui. Out of this 30 lakh, people died due to PM 2.5 in the air. During this period, 1.2 million people died due to air pollution in India.

Not easy to free the earth from air pollution

The main point of the report

In South Asia, the life of the children born in the present condition will be reduced by two and a half years. There will be a decrease of 20 months in global life expectancy.

The age of children born in South Asia due to pollution has decreased by two and a half years. At the global level, children are expected to be reduced to 20 months of age.

South Asia (India, Pak, Bangladesh, and Nepal) has been considered as the most polluted area. Here every year 1.5 million people are becoming victims of untimely death due to pollution.

Compared with road accidents and malaria, people are getting more deaths due to pollution. The situation in China and India is similar in this case.

India's third largest death anniversary is air pollution.

In 2017, half of the world's people - that is, 3.6 billion people affected by home pollution.Still, 60% in India, 79% in Bangladesh and 32% in China make food with solid fuel, through which pollution is increasing in the home.

Challenges are too much

With increasing global concern about mounting pollution, this disclosure of the Meteorological Department's office and the researchers of the University of Ecuenter in Britain is also more distressing that the emission of carbon dioxide emissions could be faster this year. According to researchers, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at the Monaloa Observatory in Hawaii has increased by 30 percent since 1958. The main reason for this is the use of fossil fuels, deforestation, and production of cement and its increasing use.

The temperature will increase

If researchers are right to say that carbon dioxide emissions will be high this year, then 2019 may prove to be the hottest year. It is worth mentioning that in 2018, the temperature of the earth remained the fourth highest temperature ever since 1880. According to NASA's Goddard Institute of Space Studies, the global temperature was 0.83 degrees Celsius in the year 2018 from the average of 1951 to 1980. For this situation, the emission of carbon dioxide is largely responsible for this situation. If this is the case then by 2050 the temperature of the earth is expected to increase to four degrees Celsius. According to scientists, global warming is responsible for this rising temperature.

The conclusion of American Scientists

According to American scientists, if the temperature of the earth is growing rapidly, then the temperature in the next century can reach 60 degrees Celsius. If the Earth's temperature also increases to only 3.6 degrees Celsius, then the vast iceberg of Antarctica will be melted along with the Arctic. It has been observed that due to the increasing temperature, the ice in the northern and southern pole is melting rapidly.

Effects on the geographical distribution of organisms

This change in global warming can also affect the geographical distribution of organisms. Many species will gradually be displaced towards the polar direction or high mountains. The main cause of the extinction of many species of organisms from the Earth is considered to be global heat.
According to environmentalists, the combustion of greenhouse gases, deforestation, and fossil fuels is mainly due to rising temperatures. A decrease in temperature will come when there will be a reduction in global carbon emissions.

Appreciation of India's efforts

State of Global Air-India has said that India has taken major steps such as Prime Minister Ujjwala Scheme, Bharat Charan-4 Clean Vehicle Standards and new National Clean Air Program to solve the problem of pollution. If these steps and future initiatives are fully implemented under the commitment of air quality, then there may be significant health benefits in the coming years.
Apart from this, India has also agreed to adopt the second goal of the Kyoto Protocol after approval of the Paris Climate Agreement. Under this, countries should reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases by 18% compared to 1990.

Kyoto Protocol

To reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases emanating from industries, a treaty was held between the 192 countries under the leadership of the United Nations in Kyoto City of Japan on December 11, 1997, effective from 16 February 2005. This is known as the Kyoto Protocol. Developing countries are also part of this treaty to provide economic and technical support to the developing countries.
The first goal of the Kyoto Protocol was fixed for 2008-12. In this, 52 countries of the industrial economy targeted to reduce the emissions of four greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and sulfur hexafluoride) by 5% compared to 1990. Other countries also had their own goals for this.

Paris climate agreement

India has started efforts on the Paris Climate Agreement. The treaty was concluded in December 2015 to start efforts to reduce carbon emissions from 2020. It signed 192 countries and so far 126 countries including India have adopted it.

UN Global Forrest Resource Assessment Report

To reduce the impact of carbon emissions on the earth's temperature and to reduce the impact of carbon emissions, there is a need to control the concrete forests and control indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources. To avoid climate change, the scope of forests and trees will have to be increased, but it is ironic that trees and forests are not being taken care of.

The United Nations Global Forrest Resource Assessment Report says that between 1990 and 2015 the total forest area has decreased by 3%. In the natural forest area, the total global area has been reduced by 6% i.e. Tropical forest areas have declined at the rate of 10%.

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Last year Lancet Planet Health was given information about research in 2018. This research was done jointly by ICMR, Public Health Foundation of India, Health Research Department and Health and Family Welfare Ministry. Under this, a comprehensive study of the effects of air pollution on death, disease, and age in every state of the country was studied. In 2012, 12.4 million deaths were caused by air pollution, in which 6.7 lakh deaths were due to PM 2.5 and 4.8 lakh deaths due to air pollution in the house. More than half of these people were under 70 years of age.

There is no air in any of the corners of the country which is good on the standards of the World Health Organization. In such a way, to reduce air pollution, there will be a time-bound effort on the war-footing. Under the National Clean Air Program, the goal of reducing pollution should be fixed. The accountability of all should be fixed and the steps and initiatives to be taken under it should be legal support.

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